What it is
An area of student need, involving a difficulty with recognizing and understanding concepts, especially with relations between patterns and complex problems.
Teaching Strategies
Instructional
• Use language-based instructions frequently (oral and written).
• Directly teach problem-solving methods.
• Encourage the student to use oral and written methods to solve non-verbal problems (talking to self, writing steps).
• Frequently check for level of understanding.
• Chunk non-verbal tasks and give feedback frequently.
• Allow for additional time.
• Use reference materials (formula sheets).
• Use step-by-step instruction and develop “how to” references for the student.
• Encourage use of calculators.
• Use highlighters to promote pattern skills.
• Use a home communication book/agenda.
• Use manipulatives, combined with oral instructions.
• Provide direct instruction for attaining information from diagrams, maps and charts.
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Environmental
• Use preferential seating to limit distractions.
• Seat the student close to posted reference materials.
Assessment
• Provide additional time.
• Ensure student understands test questions.
• Provide a choice of assignments with a written outline.
Characteristics 
A student with non-verbal reasoning needs may have difficulty making inferences and applying concepts to other situations. Mathematics is often a challenge, as following a logical sequence tends not to be a strength.
Use of Manipulatives
Resources
